The purpose of these Q&As is to promote common supervisory approaches and practices in the application of MiFID II and MiFIR.
      
    
    
      
	ESMA  updated its Questions and Answers regarding market structures and transparency issues under the Market in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID  II) and Regulation (MiFIR).
	The new Q&As provide clarification on the following topics:
	•           APA reports to competent authorities and ESMA; and, 
	•           Identification of high frequency trading techniques.
	They provide responses to questions posed by the general public and market participants in relation to the practical application of level 1 and level 2 provisions relating to transparency and market structures issues.
	Q&As regarding market structures
	Q&As regarding transparency issues
      
      
      
      
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