While the Digital Markets Act (DMA) is a vital law to enable consumers to get greater choice and protection in digital markets, Meta, Apple and Google still need to make improvements to meet their obligations under the DMA on several points, and the European Commission must ensure they do so rapidly.

In this new report, we summarise some ongoing issues with Apple, Alphabet (Google) and Meta which the Commission should take onboard to assess the compliance of these gatekeepers with their DMA obligations.

This report touches on some areas we previously addressed in our broader  analysis of possible non-compliance by the gatekeepers with the DMA in September 2024, to reflect the changes Apple announced in August 2024 to default browser and app choices and Meta’s plans announced in September 2024 on interoperability for instant messaging, and should be seen as a complement to our September 2024 report in the area of self-preferencing by Google.