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In recent years, non- Near Field Communication (NFC) proximity technologies (e.g. QR-codes, Bluetooth-Low-Energy (BLE)) have been introduced in the market for various mobile payment services to enhance the consumer experience and to bring additional functionality and services to the customer (e.g. integration of payment with loyalty) and to overcome the lack of accessibility to the NFC antenna on some mobile operating systems.
However, in comparison to mobile contactless card-based payments (MCPs), the European market is still less mature with respect to the usage of these non-NFC based technologies for mobile payments. Additionally, standardisation efforts aiming at interoperability of these solutions are in their early days.
In November 2018, the multi-stakeholder group on mobile contactless Single Euro Payments Area (SEPA) card payments (MSG MCP), facilitated by the EPC, has developed a white paper to provide a high level overview of non-NFC based mobile card proximity payments (MCPPs), utilising cards as the underlying payment instrument.
After having held a 3-month public consultation on the document until 14 February 2019, the EPC published its final version.